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This article is about the city in Germany. For other uses see Mannheim (disambiguation).
{{Infobox German Location|Art = City|Wappen = Wappen Mannheim.png|lat_deg = 49.4890 | lat_min = 0 | lat_sec = 0|lon_deg = 8.4691 | lon_min = 0 | lon_sec = 0|Lageplan =|Lageplanbeschreibung =|Bundesland = Baden-Württemberg|Regierungsbezirk = Karlsruhe|Landkreis = urban|Höhe = 97|Fläche = 144.96|Einwohner = 308070 |Stand = 2006-09-30|PLZ = 68001–68309|PLZ-alt = 6800|Vorwahl = 0621|Kfz = MA|Website = www.mannheim.de|Bürgermeister = Peter Kurz|Bürgermeistertitel = Lord Mayor|Partei = SPD-->
Mannheim is a city in Germany. With 307,640 inhabitants it is the second largest city in the state of
Baden-Württemberg after the capital
Stuttgart.
Mannheim is situated at the confluence of the rivers
Rhine and Neckar, in the northwestern corner of the state of Baden-Württemberg. The
Rhine separates Mannheim from the adjacent
Rhineland-Palatinate city of Ludwigshafen. The Hesse border is north of the city. Mannheim is the largest city of the Rhine Neckar Area, a metropolitan area with 2.4 million inhabitants.
Mannheim is unusual among German cities in that its central area is laid out in a grid pattern (called
Quadrate, squares), much like many North American cities. The main route through the squares leads to an enormous 18th century palace. This former seat of the
Prince-elector of the Palatinate now houses the University of Mannheim.
Mannheim's city symbol is the
Wasserturm (water tower), located in the east of the city centre.
History
Mannheim is first mentioned in a document from
766, the "Lorsch codex " from the Lorsch Cloister. It is listed as "Mannenheim" (Home of Manno). It remained a village until Frederick IV, Elector Palatine initiated building the fortress Friedrichsburg and the adjacent grid-like city core in 1606. On 24th January 1607 he gave Mannheim the city privileges.
The city was destroyed subsequently in the Thirty Years' War in
1622 by Johan t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly's troops, and in the Nine Years War for the Palatinate succession in 1689 by the French.
After the Rebuilding since 1698, the capital of the Electoral Palatinate was 1720 transferred from Heidelberg to Mannheim. It was then that
Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine began construction of the Mannheim Palace and the Jesuitenkirche. They were completed in 1760.
In the 18th century, Mannheim was home to the so-called Mannheim School of european classical music composers. It was reputed to have one of the best court orchestras in Europe under the leadership of
Carlo Grua. The court left Mannheim in 1778 and two decades later, Mannheim was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1802.
In 1819
Norwich Duff noted the following observations:Mannheim is in the Duchy of Baden and situated at the confluence of the Rhine and
Neckar over both of which there is a bridge of boats. This is the third town of this name having been twice burnt. The houses are large, and the streets broad and at right angles to each other, and is one of the most airy clean towns I have seen in Germany. It was formerly fortified but the fortifications were rased in 1806 and gardens fill their places. There is a large Chateau here belonging to the Grand Duke and a very good garden; part of the Chateau was destroyed when the town was bombarded and has never since been repaired, the other part is occupied by the Grand Duchess widow of the late Grand Duke who was succeeded by his Uncle having left only three daughters. She is the sister of Eugene Beauharnais presumably she was born Hortense de Beauharnais daughter by her former marriage of Napoleon Buonaparte's
Empress Josephine. There is a Cathedral, a Theatre which is considered good, an observatory, a gallery of pictures at the Chateau and some private collections. About 2 km (1 mile) below the town the Russian Army crossed the [Rhine in 1813. Population 18 300.
It was at his workshop in Mannheim that Karl Benz produced, a light weight
Benz Patent Motorwagen powered by a single cylinder gasoline fueled internal combustion engine, first shown in public close by in 1886. This powered tricycle subsequently came to be widely regarded as the original
automobile.
During
World War II, Mannheim (as a key industrial centre) was heavily damaged by US and British bombing. The city was occupied by the US Army on March 29,
1945. There has been a large American military presence in the Mannheim area ever since (see
United States military installations below).
) by Mannheim's Eichbaum brewery for the 400th city birthdayIn 2007 Mannheim celebrates its 400th birthday with a series of cultural and other events spread over the whole year.
The 400th birthday proper was in 2006 since
Frederick IV, Elector Palatine laid the foundations of the Mannheim citadel, on March 17
1606.
Main sights
Industry
The successor to the Karl Benz automobile manufacturing companies begun in Mannheim,
Daimler AG has had a large presence in Mannheim. Today, cars trucks and buses are assembled there. The Swiss Hoffmann–La Roche Diagnostic group (formerly known as Boehringer Mannheim) has its division headquarters in Mannheim. Additionally, the city also hosts large factories and officesof ABB Asea Brown Boveri, Alstom,
BASF, Bilfinger Berger, Bombardier, Fuchs Petrolub,
Deere & Company, Siemens AG, Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget,
Südzucker and other companies.
United States military installations
A number of United States military installations are present in Mannheim, including the headquarters of the
5th Signal Command, the Army's telecommunications command in the European area. The following installations make up the U.S. Army Garrison Mannheim:
- Funari Barracks (Mannheim-Käfertal) (5th Signal Command headquarters)
- Sullivan Barracks (Mannheim-Käfertal) (7th Signal Brigade headquarters) (Headquarters of 504th Signal Battalion, 1961 - 1965)
- Benjamin Franklin Village (Mannheim-Käfertal) Also home to the Mannheim American High School and Middle School .
- Taylor Barracks (Mannheim-Vogelstang) (2nd Signal Brigade headquarters)
- Spinelli Barracks (Mannheim-Feudenheim)
- Turley Barracks (Mannheim-Wohlgelegen), formerly home of University of Maryland University College Mannheim Campus (closed in 2007, will be returned to Germany by 2008)
- Coleman Barracks/Coleman Army Airfield (Mannheim-Schönau) (American Forces Network-Europe HQ, U.S. Army Confinement Facility Europe) Also home to the 28th Transportation Battalion
- Friedrichsfeld Service Center (Mannheim-Friedrichsfeld)
- Stem Kaserne (Mannheim-Seckenheim)
- Hammonds Barracks (Mannheim-Seckenheim)
The long-term future of the Mannheim military community is in doubt, since it was not included in U.S. Army Europe's 2004 announcement of those military communities that would remain after a long-term restructuring and downsizing of U.S. forces in Europe. On July 11th, 2007, the DOD announced that Turley Barracks would be closed in late 2007 and returned to Germany by 2008 .
As is standard policy with all bases returned to host nation control, Turley Barracks will be handed over to the
Bundesanstalt für Immobilienaufgaben (the federal agency which oversees the assets of the German federal government). It is most likely that the entire facility will be sold, possibly to the city of Mannheim which would like to redevelop the site although many buildings have landmark status.
Transportation
The Mannheim/Ludwigshafen area is surrounded by a ring of motorways connecting it to
Frankfurt in the north,
Karlsruhe in the south, Saarbrücken in the west and
Nürnberg in the east.
Mannheim Hauptbahnhof (central station) is at the end of the Mannheim-Stuttgart high-speed rail line and is the most important railway junction in the southwest of Germany, served by InterCityExpress high-speed train system with connections to
Frankfurt am Main / Berlin,
Karlsruhe /
Basel and
Stuttgart / Munich.
Mannheim Harbour is the second largest river port in Germany.
The establishment of the RheinNeckar S-Bahn on 2003 connected nearly all of the Rhine-Neckar area, including lines into the Palatinate (region),
Odenwald and southern Hesse. All S-Bahn lines run through Mannheim Hauptbahnhof. Further S-Bahn stations are at present Mannheim-Rangierbahnhof, Mannheim-Seckenheim and Mannheim-Friedrichsfeld-Süd.
Local public transport in Mannheim include eleven street car lines and numerous bus lines operated by Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr (Rhine-Neckar transport). Metre-gauge trams are operated in Mannheim by the
MVV Verkehr AG and in Ludwigshafen by the
Verkehrsbetriebe Ludwigshafen am Rhein and run through on each other tracks. In addition the Oberrheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (OEG), operates interurban trams on a triangular route between Mannheim, Heidelberg and Weinheim and the Rhein-Haardtbahn operates interurban trams between
Bad Dürkheim, Ludwigshafen and Mannheim, both also running on MVV tracks. In the 1970s a proposal to build a U-Bahn out of the Mannheim and Ludwigshafen tramways was begun, but only small sections were in fact built due to lack of funds. The only underground station in Mannheim is the Haltestelle Dalbergstraße. U-Bahn planning has now stopped. All public transport is offered at uniform prices set by the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar transport union, VRN).
Although Frankfurt International Airport is only 65 km north, since 2004 there have been daily passenger flights from
Mannheim City Airport (IATA code MHG) to
Berlin,
Hamburg and Saarbrücken.
Sport
Mannheim hosted the 2007 European
Show Jumping Championships FEI European Jumping Championship, Mannheim 14 - 19 August, in the MVV-riding stadium. This is second time the city has hosted it, they previously held the championships 1997.
The Adler Mannheim are an
ice hockey team playing in the German Hockey League. They won the championship six times.
Sister cities
References
External links
- Official page of Mannheim
- Rhein-Neckar Metropoliten Region Visitors' Site
- Parks in Mannheim
- 504th Signal Battalion Photos and maps of Benjamin Franklin Village (Käfertal), Sullivan Barracks (Käfertal)and the Mannheim Military Community in the 1960s
- U.S. Army Garrison Mannheim homepage
This article is about the city in Germany. For other uses see Mannheim (disambiguation).
{{Infobox German Location|Art = City|Wappen = Wappen Mannheim.png|lat_deg = 49.4890 | lat_min = 0 | lat_sec = 0|lon_deg = 8.4691 | lon_min = 0 | lon_sec = 0|Lageplan =|Lageplanbeschreibung =|Bundesland = Baden-Württemberg|Regierungsbezirk = Karlsruhe|Landkreis = urban|Höhe = 97|Fläche = 144.96|Einwohner = 308070 |Stand = 2006-09-30|PLZ = 68001–68309|PLZ-alt = 6800|Vorwahl = 0621|Kfz = MA|Website = www.mannheim.de|Bürgermeister = Peter Kurz|Bürgermeistertitel = Lord Mayor|Partei = SPD-->
Mannheim is a city in
Germany. With 307,640 inhabitants it is the second largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart.
Mannheim is situated at the confluence of the rivers
Rhine and Neckar, in the northwestern corner of the state of Baden-Württemberg. The
Rhine separates Mannheim from the adjacent Rhineland-Palatinate city of
Ludwigshafen. The Hesse border is north of the city. Mannheim is the largest city of the
Rhine Neckar Area, a metropolitan area with 2.4 million inhabitants.
Mannheim is unusual among German cities in that its central area is laid out in a grid pattern (called
Quadrate, squares), much like many North American cities. The main route through the squares leads to an enormous 18th century palace. This former seat of the Prince-elector of the Palatinate now houses the University of Mannheim.
Mannheim's city symbol is the
Wasserturm (
water tower), located in the east of the city centre.
History
Mannheim is first mentioned in a document from 766, the "Lorsch codex " from the Lorsch Cloister. It is listed as "Mannenheim" (Home of Manno). It remained a village until Frederick IV, Elector Palatine initiated building the fortress
Friedrichsburg and the adjacent grid-like city core in 1606. On 24th January 1607 he gave Mannheim the city privileges.
The city was destroyed subsequently in the
Thirty Years' War in
1622 by Johan t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly's troops, and in the Nine Years War for the Palatinate succession in 1689 by the French.
After the Rebuilding since 1698, the capital of the
Electoral Palatinate was
1720 transferred from
Heidelberg to Mannheim. It was then that Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine began construction of the Mannheim Palace and the Jesuitenkirche. They were completed in
1760.
In the 18th century, Mannheim was home to the so-called Mannheim School of
european classical music composers. It was reputed to have one of the best court orchestras in Europe under the leadership of Carlo Grua. The court left Mannheim in 1778 and two decades later, Mannheim was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Baden in
1802.
In 1819 Norwich Duff noted the following observations:Mannheim is in the Duchy of Baden and situated at the confluence of the
Rhine and Neckar over both of which there is a bridge of boats. This is the third town of this name having been twice burnt. The houses are large, and the streets broad and at right angles to each other, and is one of the most airy clean towns I have seen in Germany. It was formerly fortified but the fortifications were rased in 1806 and gardens fill their places. There is a large Chateau here belonging to the Grand Duke and a very good garden; part of the Chateau was destroyed when the town was bombarded and has never since been repaired, the other part is occupied by the Grand Duchess widow of the late Grand Duke who was succeeded by his Uncle having left only three daughters. She is the sister of Eugene Beauharnais presumably she was born
Hortense de Beauharnais daughter by her former marriage of Napoleon Buonaparte's Empress Josephine. There is a Cathedral, a Theatre which is considered good, an observatory, a gallery of pictures at the Chateau and some private collections. About 2 km (1 mile) below the town the Russian Army crossed the [Rhine in 1813. Population 18 300.
It was at his workshop in Mannheim that
Karl Benz produced, a light weight Benz Patent Motorwagen powered by a single cylinder
gasoline fueled internal combustion engine, first shown in public close by in 1886. This powered tricycle subsequently came to be widely regarded as the original
automobile.
During
World War II, Mannheim (as a key industrial centre) was heavily damaged by US and British bombing. The city was occupied by the US Army on
March 29, 1945. There has been a large American military presence in the Mannheim area ever since (see
United States military installations below).
) by Mannheim's
Eichbaum brewery for the 400th city birthdayIn 2007 Mannheim celebrates its 400th birthday with a series of cultural and other events spread over the whole year.
The 400th birthday proper was in 2006 since Frederick IV, Elector Palatine laid the foundations of the Mannheim citadel, on March 17
1606.
Main sights
- Fernmeldeturm Mannheim
- Luisenpark - named one of the most beautiful parks of Europe
- Pylon test facility Mannheim
- Mannheim Palace (Mannheimer Schloss) - the city castle and main building of the University of Mannheim
- Wasserturm - the town's landmark
- SAP Arena - multifunctional Stadium, home of the Mannheim Ice-hockey Team "Die Adler", which means "The Eagles."
- Breite Strasse, Kunststrasse and Kapuzinerplanken - Mannheims main shopping destination
- Film Festival Mannheim - Heidelberg
Industry
The successor to the Karl Benz automobile manufacturing companies begun in Mannheim, Daimler AG has had a large presence in Mannheim. Today, cars trucks and buses are assembled there. The Swiss Hoffmann–La Roche Diagnostic group (formerly known as Boehringer Mannheim) has its division headquarters in Mannheim. Additionally, the city also hosts large factories and officesof ABB Asea Brown Boveri, Alstom,
BASF, Bilfinger Berger, Bombardier, Fuchs Petrolub,
Deere & Company,
Siemens AG, Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget, Südzucker and other companies.
United States military installations
A number of United States military installations are present in Mannheim, including the headquarters of the
5th Signal Command, the Army's telecommunications command in the European area. The following installations make up the U.S. Army Garrison Mannheim:
- Funari Barracks (Mannheim-Käfertal) (5th Signal Command headquarters)
- Sullivan Barracks (Mannheim-Käfertal) (7th Signal Brigade headquarters) (Headquarters of 504th Signal Battalion, 1961 - 1965)
- Benjamin Franklin Village (Mannheim-Käfertal) Also home to the Mannheim American High School and Middle School .
- Taylor Barracks (Mannheim-Vogelstang) (2nd Signal Brigade headquarters)
- Spinelli Barracks (Mannheim-Feudenheim)
- Turley Barracks (Mannheim-Wohlgelegen), formerly home of University of Maryland University College Mannheim Campus (closed in 2007, will be returned to Germany by 2008)
- Coleman Barracks/Coleman Army Airfield (Mannheim-Schönau) (American Forces Network-Europe HQ, U.S. Army Confinement Facility Europe) Also home to the 28th Transportation Battalion
- Friedrichsfeld Service Center (Mannheim-Friedrichsfeld)
- Stem Kaserne (Mannheim-Seckenheim)
- Hammonds Barracks (Mannheim-Seckenheim)
The long-term future of the Mannheim military community is in doubt, since it was not included in U.S. Army Europe's 2004 announcement of those military communities that would remain after a long-term restructuring and downsizing of U.S. forces in Europe. On July 11th, 2007, the DOD announced that Turley Barracks would be closed in late 2007 and returned to Germany by 2008 .
As is standard policy with all bases returned to host nation control, Turley Barracks will be handed over to the
Bundesanstalt für Immobilienaufgaben (the federal agency which oversees the assets of the German federal government). It is most likely that the entire facility will be sold, possibly to the city of Mannheim which would like to redevelop the site although many buildings have landmark status.
Transportation
The Mannheim/Ludwigshafen area is surrounded by a ring of motorways connecting it to
Frankfurt in the north, Karlsruhe in the south, Saarbrücken in the west and Nürnberg in the east.
Mannheim Hauptbahnhof (central station) is at the end of the
Mannheim-Stuttgart high-speed rail line and is the most important railway junction in the southwest of Germany, served by
InterCityExpress high-speed train system with connections to
Frankfurt am Main / Berlin,
Karlsruhe /
Basel and
Stuttgart /
Munich.
Mannheim Harbour is the second largest river port in Germany.
The establishment of the RheinNeckar S-Bahn on 2003 connected nearly all of the Rhine-Neckar area, including lines into the
Palatinate (region), Odenwald and southern
Hesse. All S-Bahn lines run through Mannheim Hauptbahnhof. Further S-Bahn stations are at present Mannheim-Rangierbahnhof, Mannheim-Seckenheim and Mannheim-Friedrichsfeld-Süd.
Local public transport in Mannheim include eleven street car lines and numerous bus lines operated by
Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr (Rhine-Neckar transport). Metre-gauge trams are operated in Mannheim by the
MVV Verkehr AG and in Ludwigshafen by the
Verkehrsbetriebe Ludwigshafen am Rhein and run through on each other tracks. In addition the Oberrheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (OEG), operates interurban trams on a triangular route between Mannheim, Heidelberg and
Weinheim and the Rhein-Haardtbahn operates interurban trams between Bad Dürkheim, Ludwigshafen and Mannheim, both also running on MVV tracks. In the 1970s a proposal to build a
U-Bahn out of the Mannheim and Ludwigshafen tramways was begun, but only small sections were in fact built due to lack of funds. The only underground station in Mannheim is the Haltestelle Dalbergstraße. U-Bahn planning has now stopped. All public transport is offered at uniform prices set by the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar transport union, VRN).
Although
Frankfurt International Airport is only 65 km north, since 2004 there have been daily passenger flights from
Mannheim City Airport (
IATA code MHG) to Berlin,
Hamburg and Saarbrücken.
Sport
Mannheim hosted the 2007 European
Show Jumping Championships FEI European Jumping Championship, Mannheim 14 - 19 August, in the MVV-riding stadium. This is second time the city has hosted it, they previously held the championships 1997.
The
Adler Mannheim are an
ice hockey team playing in the German Hockey League. They won the championship six times.
Sister cities
References
External links
- Official page of Mannheim
- Rhein-Neckar Metropoliten Region Visitors' Site
- Parks in Mannheim
- 504th Signal Battalion Photos and maps of Benjamin Franklin Village (Käfertal), Sullivan Barracks (Käfertal)and the Mannheim Military Community in the 1960s
- U.S. Army Garrison Mannheim homepage
Mannheim - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mannheim is a city in Germany. With 327,318 inhabitants it is the second-largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart.
Karl Mannheim - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Karl Mannheim (Mannheim Károly the original writing of his name March 27, 1893, Budapest – January 9, 1947, London) was a Jewish Hungarian-born sociologist, influential in the ...
Mannheim Centre for Criminology
Mannheim Centre for Criminology. The Mannheim Centre for the Study of Criminology and Criminal Justice was set up in November 1990, named in honour of Hermann Mannheim (see Herman ...
Hermann Mannheim: a biographical note
Hermann Mannheim: a biographical note. John Croft. Hermann Mannheim was born on 26 October 1889, of German nationality, the only child of Wilhelm Mannheim, of Berlin, who for ...
Karl Mannheim Papers
Special Collections and Archives: Introduction; Contacting us; Opening hours; Reprographic charges; Map Library; Collections and archives; Useful links; Karl Mannheim Papers
U2 The End Of The World
Concert of the month download and trading list.
ViaMichelin: Maps, routes, route planner, UK maps, European maps ...
The Dorint Hotel Kongress, a modern 4 star hotel, is located in the city centre of Mannheim and is directly linked to the Rosengarten Congress Center.
Mannheim summary
Amédée Mannheim (1831-1906) ... JOC/EFR © May 2000. The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Mannheim.html
Mannheim biography
Biography of Amédée Mannheim (BB^Y-1906) ... Born: 17 July 1831 in Paris, France Died: 11 Dec 1906 in Paris, France. Click the picture above
Holiday Inn Hotel Mannheim - Special Internet Rates at HotelClub
Holiday Inn Hotel Mannheim - discount reservation service. Save up to 60% when you book with HotelClub.